登高作业，务必保证安全底线

危险无处不在，它潜藏在我们身边的每一个角落。但可能在危险真正到来前，我们都没有任何察觉，事故就这样无情地夺走了无数人的健康、生命以及大量的财富。  

危险真的不可避免吗？答案是否定的，大部分危险是可以避免的，识别危险是避免危险的关键要素。

怎样识别危险呢？这就是我们要做的，我们将以“IMO事故警示小课堂”的形式发布“IMO事故警示”系列推文，通过一个个鲜活的事故案例，帮助大家识别船舶危险，从而达到“航行更安全、海洋更清洁”的目的。

言归正传，下面让我们一起进入“IMO事故警示小课堂”的第二课！

1 . What the type of casualty?

事故类型

Very Serious Marine Casualty : Fall from height in a ballast water tank resulting in a fatality

非常严重的海难事故：压载舱内高空坠落导致人员死亡

2 . What happened ?

事故经过

An officer, safety officer and crew member were proceeding to exit a ballast water tank. They had just completed an air quality inspection of the tank prior to its undergoing maintenance. The crew member, who was to be the last person to exit the tank, was about one metre from the exit when he lost his grip and fell approximately 10 metres. Although the crew member was treated in the tank, he succumbed to his injuries two hours later. It took four hours to cut an escape hatch by which the crew member could be recovered from the tank.

一名检查员，一名安全员和一名船员正准备离开压载舱。在对压载舱维护保养之前，他们刚刚完成对舱内空气质量的检测。船员是最后一个离开舱内的人，大约离出口1米远处，他失去了控制，从大约10米高的地方坠落至舱底。虽然这名伤员在舱内接受了治疗，但在两个小时后他因伤势过重而死亡。该轮用了四个小时的时间才切割出一个逃生口，将遇难船员尸体移出。

3 . Why did it happen ?‍‍

事故原因

●  The design of the tank's access prevented the immediate removal of the injured crew member from the inside of the tank. 

●  Fall arrestors, lanyards and safety harnesses were not being used, nor were there any brackets or strong points for securing safety equipment. 

●  The crew member was carrying a gas detector (which he wore around his neck and which lay on his stomach) and a rope while climbing the ladder. As he tried to untangle the gas detector, he lost his grip and fell.

1 . 压载舱开口的设计妨碍了舱内受伤船员的转移；   

2 . 人员进入压载舱时没有佩戴防坠落装置、吊绳和安全带，也没有用来固定安全设备的任何支架或支撑点； 

3 . 这名船员在攀爬梯子时，携带一部气体探测器（他将气体探测器挂在脖子上，设备悬在他的腹部）和一根绳子。当他试图解开气体探测器时，他没有抓稳掉了下去。

4 . What can we learn ?‍‍

我们能学到什么？

●Hazard and rescue assessments should be carried out prior to entering a confined space. 

 ●Safety procedures should be established and followed for use of ladders. These should include keeping hands free at all times and using appropriate means for hoisting and lowering of tools and equipment. 

 ●Tank entrance design should accommodate the possibility of evacuating an injured person.

 ●The importance of proper safety harness and its use.

1 . 在进入受限空间前，应开展风险和救援评估；     

2 . 应建立并遵循梯子使用安全程序。程序应包括保持双手空闲（能一直腾出手），及使用适当方式升起或降下工具和设备； 

3 . 压载舱的入口设计应考虑撤离受伤人员的可能性；

4 . 正确使用安全带的重要性。

5 . Who may benefit ?‍‍ ‍‍

此文对谁有用？

Shipowners, operators and crews.

船东、公司经营人和船员。

（TIPS：如有异议，请以英文版本为准，欢迎私信哦。）