BIMCO 2022碳排放交易计划配额(ETSA)期租条款

背景 

碳排放交易计划(ETS)是允许以温室气体的排放交换配额的“限额与交易”计划。随着时间推移，通过减少行业可获得的配额量，激励行业提高效率和使用替代燃料减少排放。 

世界最大的ETS由欧盟运营，其在近日将航运业纳入“减碳55”一揽子计划。由于缺乏“全球性”计划，其他国家可能也即将制定他们自己的ETS。 

ETSA条款遵循“谁污染，谁负责”的原则，确保将ETS费用转移给船舶商业营运人，本条款下的船舶商业营运人指期租承租人。 

条款的基本原则是要求期租合同双方当事人协同合作。 

起草小组 

BIMCO2022期租合同ETSA条款是船东、承租人、保赔协会和法律专家们通力合作并协商一致的成果。BIMCO向以下人员表示诚挚感谢： 

Peter Eckhardt, F. Laeisz (Chairman) 

Panos Zachariadis, Atlantic Bulk Carriers Management, Ltd. 

Takaaki Hashimoto, NYK 

Lars Bagge Christensen, Navigare Capital 

Harry Fafalios, Union of Greek Shipowners 

Kyriakos Kourieas, Interorient Marine Services Limited 

Ann Shazell, Cargill Ocean Transportation 

David Sale, BP Shipping 

Kelly Vouvoussiras and Divek Chinnadurai, Rio Tinto 

Alessio Sbraga, HFW 

Helen Barden, North P&I Club 

Lasse Brautaset, Nordisk 

Peter Eckhardt先生，F. Laeisz船运公司 (起草小组主席) 

Panos Zachariadis先生，Atlantic Bulk Carriers 航运管理公司 

Takaaki Hashimoto先生，NYK航运 

Lars Bagge Christensen先生，Navigare Capital航运公司 

Harry Fafalios先生，希腊船东协会  

Kyriakos Kourieas先生，Interorient Marine Services航运公司 

Ann Shazell女士，嘉吉海运 

David Sale先生，BP Shipping航运公司 

Kelly Vouvoussiras女士和Divek Chinnadurai先生，力拓集团 

Alessio Sbraga先生，夏礼文律师事务所 

Helen Barden女士，北英格兰保赔协会 

Lasse Brautaset先生，Nordisk保赔协会 

BIMCO was represented by: 

BIMCO代表包括： 

Lars Robert Pedersen, Deputy Secretary General (Technical) 

Søren Larsen, Deputy Secretary General (Contractual) 

Stinne Taiger Ivø, Director, Contracts & Support 

Lars Robert Pedersen先生，副秘书长（海事技术部门） 

Søren Larsen先生，副秘书长（合同部门） 

Stinne Taiger Ivø女士，合同与支持部门主管 

BIMCO秘书处由标准、创新与研究团队的Grant Hunter 先生和Mads Wacher Kjærgaard先生提供支持。 

指导性说明 

这些指导性说明旨在为定期租船合同适用的BIMCO 2022碳排放交易计划配额(ETSA)条款的构想提供一些见解。该说明也阐明了该条款的运作方式、在合同双方之间分配责任与分摊费用的方式。如果您对该条款有任何疑问，请通过contracts@bimco.org与我们联系，我们将非常乐意为您提供协助。

定义 

为方便阅读，该条款定义了以下两个名词——“碳排放配额”和“碳排放计划”。 

“碳排放配额”指由当局根据“限额与交易”计划核发的配额，使持有人有权排放约定额度的温室气体。根据EU ETS，每一份配额允许持有人排放一吨二氧化碳。 

“碳排放计划”指适用于温室气体的排放交易计划。本条款旨在适用于未来可能在世界各地实施的碳排放计划，而不仅是EU ETS。 

第(a)款 

在期租合同下，为达到碳排放交易计划的要求，至关重要的一步是船东和承租人的协同合作。该合作的核心在于双方对数据和信息的及时分享。承租人必须向船东获取需要的数据以计算能覆盖其排放的所需配额。 

Subclause (b) 

第(b)款 

船东需履行强制报告义务，如根据EU MRV（《欧盟关于船舶二氧化碳排放监测、报告和核查法规》）以确定船舶的排放量。船舶温室气体排放量的报告必须经过独立核验。 

A list of approved verification bodies for the EU MRV can be found here: 

可复制并搜索此链接查询经批准的EU MRV核验机构名单： 

https://www.bimco.org/News/Environment-protection/20170504-EU-MRV-Regulation-and-approved-Verification-Bodies

第(c)款 

这是执行ETSA条款的关键。此款设立了期租承租人的责任，即在租期内根据船舶的排放量“提供和支付”配额。它遵循的原则是，提供和支付燃料的当事方也应提供碳排放配额以覆盖使用该燃料产生的温室气体排放量。该款的运作原则是转移实际配额而非将配额费用返还船东，以避免价格波动造成的复杂情况。 

承租人有义务在取得船东提供的显示某期间内配额量的数据和计算结果后，每月将配额转让至船东的碳排放计划账户。 

在还船前租期少于一个月的情况下，船东应向承租人提供预计配额量。如预计配额量和实际配额量存在差异，船东应向承租人返还任何超出的配额量，或承租人向船东补齐不足的配额量。 

在停租期间，船舶的排放则由船东负责。该条款允许承租人将停租期间产生的任何排放在次月的转让配额中进行抵销。 

第(d)款 

若承租人并未转让所需配额，船东可以通过中止履约对承租人施加商业杠杆。在中止履行期间，船舶视为继续租用，且船东对由此产生的任何结果概不负责。考虑到在一个日历年内配额累计的预期高价值，这对船东来说是重要保障。

具体条款如下

EMISSION TRADING SCHEME ALLOWANCES CLAUSE FOR TIME CHARTER PARTIES 2022 

Notwithstanding any other provision in this Charter Party, the Owners and the Charterers (the "Parties" and each individually a “Party”) agree as follows: 

“Emission Allowances” means an allowance, credit, quota, permit or equivalent, representing a right of a vessel to emit a specified quantity of greenhouse gas emissions recognised by the Emission Scheme. 

“Emission Scheme” means a greenhouse gas emissions trading scheme which for the purposes of this Clause shall include the European Union Emissions Trading System and any other similar systems imposed by applicable lawful authorities that regulate the issuance, allocation, trading or surrendering of Emission Allowances. 

(a) The Owners and the Charterers shall co-operate and exchange all relevant data and information in a timely manner to facilitate compliance with any applicable Emission Scheme and enable the Parties to calculate the amount of Emission Allowances in respect of the Vessel that must be surrendered to the authorities of the applicable Emission Scheme for the period of the Charter Party. 

(b) The Owners shall monitor and report the relevant greenhouse gas emissions of the Vessel for verification by an independent verifier in accordance with the applicable Emission Scheme. 

(c) (i) Throughout the Charter Party period the Charterers shall provide and pay for the Emission Allowances corresponding to the Vessel’s emissions under the scope of the applicable Emission Scheme: 

(1) Within the first seven (7) days of each month, the Owners shall notify the Charterers in writing of the quantity of Emission Allowances for the previous month; and 

(2) No later than fourteen (14) days prior to the expected date of redelivery the Owners shall notify the Charterers in writing of the estimated quantity of Emission Allowances for the final month or part thereof. 

(ii) The Owners’ notifications in subclause (c)(i) shall include the relevant calculations and the data used to establish the quantities. 

(iii) Within seven (7) days of notification under subclause (c)(i), the quantity of Emission Allowances notified by the Owners above shall be transferred by the Charterers and received into the Owners’ nominated Emission Scheme account. If the estimated quantity of Emission Allowances for the final month or part thereof is higher or lower than the actual quantity calculated by the Owners as at the time and date of redelivery, any difference in Emission Allowances shall be transferred by the Charterers or returned by the Owners, as the case may be, and received into the nominated account of the receiving Party within seven (7) days of written notification from that Party. 

(iv) During any period of off-hire, the Charterers shall have the right to offset against any Emission Allowances due or require the Owners to return a quantity of Emission Allowances equivalent to the emissions that the Charterers would otherwise have been responsible for, had the Vessel remained on hire.  

(d) If the Charterers fail to transfer any of the Emission Allowances in accordance with subclause (c), the Owners shall, by giving the Charterers’ five (5) days’ notice, have the right to suspend the performance of any or all of their obligations under this Charter Party until such time as the Emission Allowances are received in full by the Owners. Throughout any period of suspended performance under this subclause, the Vessel shall remain on hire and the Owners shall have no responsibility whatsoever for any consequences arising out of the valid exercise of this right. The Owners' right to suspend performance under this Clause shall be without prejudice to any other rights or claims they may have against the Charterers under this Charter Party.