开航前驾驶员应该准备的工作你真做了吗
作者 赵立帅
俗话说小心驶得万年船，无论你有多少经验，对自己驾驶的船舶多么熟悉，每次开航前大家都应该像接手新船一样做好开航前准备.船长和驾驶员必须确保船舶适航。本文从航次信息，航行设备，船舶安全和港口信息提供几点建议供大家参考
lInformation & Routines
lEquipment (Tested & Ready to Use)
lSecuring for Sea
lPilotage Info
一.Information & Routines
1.Draft/UKC & Trim in Compliance with Port Restrictions & Company Requirements
吃水富余水深和 吃水差必须同时符合港口要求和公司标准
2.Passage Plan Ready, Checked & Approved by Master with the route plotted on up-to-date
航次计划开航前必须做好 并且船长签字认可（如果使用纸质海图船长检查至少10%的海图）
and appropriate scale charts (official paper or electronic). Tides updated. ECDIS/User Maps/Charts Updated and Route from Berth to Berth Available.
航次计划必须泊位到泊位 海图以及图书资料必须齐全并且更新到最新
Route displayed on ECDIS and/or other electronic navigation aids, as appropriate.
航线经过SAFETY CHECK 之后 显示在电子海图和其他相关仪器上
3.Up-to-date charts and nautical publications available. Latest NMs (week number)
确认海图和图书更新到最新一期的航海通告
4.ECDIS alarm and safety settings are as per MSO and Passage Plan.
电子海图的报警和安全设置必须符合船长常规命令和航次计划
All ECDIS inputs from GPS, Echo sounder, Log and Gyro to be checked and aligned (as applicable) 电子海图的接入信号 必须检查和校准
5.Latest Navigational/Weather information available from all sources (Navtex/EGC/VHF).
Maritime safety information (MSI) checked and communicated to bridge team.
最新的天气和航行警告驾驶员仔细核对并且分享给整个驾驶台团队
6.Anchors Cleared Away 锚 确认清爽
7.All HOD’s confirm all crew onboard. Bridge and engine room teams watch conditions implemented 值班驾驶员必须确认所有船员回船 驾驶台机舱人员在岗
8.Crew and ER have been advised of the time for standby/mooring. Mooring stations manned and ready. 驾驶台 船头船尾 待命 （测试船头汽笛必须提前通知）
9.Security Search Carried out (Stowaway / Drugs etc)
开航前按照规定必须进行安全检查 做好相应记录和工作休息时间对应起来
10.Reports sent to VTS/Port Authorities as required by local regulations or any special requirements 按照规定向当地交管中心报告
11.Pressure on Fire Main (Fire pump / line tested and ready for use) 锚机缆车冷却水及时供应
12.船头船尾 准备好STOPPER 止锁 MASSAGE LINE 引缆 带拖轮缆绳
二 Equipment (Tested & Ready to Use)
lClocks Synchronised with engine room
船钟核对
lMooring Winches Tested and Ready
测试缆车（必须有冷却水）
lCourse & ME recorder & Bell Book
准备好车钟记录簿并记录相应内容（保持驾驶台和机舱记录一致）
lAIS Updated with voyage information and correct
AIS上的航次信息必须更新确保正确
lFlags/Nav Lights/Shapes/Sound signaling equip including flags, search lights and signal lamps 国旗 船籍旗 航行灯 号灯号型
lDeck Power/Lighting available (as applicable)
如果晚上甲板灯必须准备好
lShips VHF/UHF’s, Internal comms (Incl ECR/ Mooring stations).
内部沟通的VHF频道 测试
lGyro/magnetic compass & repeaters incl repeater in steering gear room
分罗经和主罗经核对（舵机房的分罗经也要核对 容易被忽略）
lNav Equipment (ROT/RPM/Rudder indicators, Radars, ARPA, ECDIS, Echosounder-accuracy checked, GPS, VDR, LRIT etc). Heading accuracy output to all navigational equipment checked.
驾驶台航行设备检查 （航向记录仪的打印纸 测深仪的打印纸 SAT-C的打印纸 缺纸部分设备会不间断的来警报）
lSteering Pumps Running (if applicable) & Steering Gear Tested
舵机的测试 启动一台 两台一起都要测试 记录从左满舵到右满舵的时间
lVHF’s tested and listening watch maintained on the correct channels
VHF 测试
lAfter Confirming “All Clear” has the Main Engine been tested Ahead & Astern
测试主机 在测试前一定要派人调整缆绳 并且确认螺旋桨附近没有小船
lGMDSS Equip, including log entry.
GMDSS设备的检查 重要信息告知所有驾驶员
lAncillary bridge equipment (e.g. binoculars, window wipers)
望远镜 窗户的刮雨器检查
lBNWAS switched ‘ON’ by Master (Manual ON mode)
驾驶台值班报警系统由船长打开（检察官如问驾驶员有没有BNWAS的钥匙 一定回答没有）
lSpeed and distance log 计程仪设定
三 Securing for Sea
1.Cargo & Cargo Gear Secured for Sea
甲板货和克林吊绑扎好
2.Stability and draft info ready & in compliance & Cargo details available (Incl IMDG info as applicable)稳性报告书必须在开航前打印并且由船长大副签字 实际吃水和计算吃水做比较
3.Hull openings/Watertight Doors closed and secured 水密门关好 并检查确认
四 Pilotage Info 引航信息以及港口要求的核对
lPort / VTS channels monitored and Pilot Boarding time/side/arrangements agreed
交管中心和引航站的沟通频道 引水上船时间以及引水梯信息确认
lPilot Card and Master/pilot information exchange checklist completed and ready for use
引航卡信息填写完毕随时可用
lPilot Disembarking arrangements agreed, checked and found ready for use
引航员下船的信息和引航梯的准备
lPort, VTS and pilot informed of any special requirements
有些港口有特别要求必须遵守
1.比如澳大利亚引水要求舵机房有AB待命
2.没有引航员命令不允许收紧或者放松缆绳
3.如果用直升机接送引水，准备消防员装备并根据要求冲洗甲板
4.有的港口要求船头派瞭头备双锚
5.吃水比较大的船开三盏红灯
6.国内有些港口要求卫检检查完之前，晚上开三盏红灯白天挂黄旗不符合要求会罚款
LOG BOOK必须记录打开值班报警系统的时间
山高自有行客路，水深自有渡船人，一切就绪，准备开船，祝各位兄弟航安..........
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5 : 船舶靠泊期间，驾驶员的职责
