引航梯有了新规定 你船的引航梯是否符合要求
作者 赵立帅
Requirements for the Safe Use, Care and Maintenance of Pilot Ladders, Man Ropes, and Associated Equipment.
引航梯 扶手绳以及相关设备的安全使用和保养要求
一、相关公约要求
二、引水梯的要求
三、扶手绳的要求
四、安装标准和针对引水梯的常规疑问
In an endeavour to have continuous improvement and enhance safety onboard the vessels calling Port Hedland, Pilbara Ports Authority has revised the procedures for use of pilot ladder in Port Hedland.
为了进一步增加船舶靠PORT HEDLAND 的安全可靠性，港口当局改进了在港口使用引航梯的操作规范
improper use of a pilot ladder or using a substandard pilot ladder can have profound consequences, including severe injury or loss of life
不符合标准要求引航梯的使用可能会导致人员受伤甚至死亡的严重问题
一、Reference 相关公约：
lIMO Res. A.1045(27)
lSOLAS Chapter V Reg.23
lIMO Resolution A.1108(29)
lMSC.1/Circ. 1428
lMSC.1/Circ.1495/Rev.1
lAMSA Marine Notice – Pilot Transfer Arrangements (04/2023)
lARCSOPT Marine Pilot Transfer Arrangements – 03/2023
lISO 799-1:2019 – Design and Specification
lISO 799-2:2021 – Maintenance, Use, Survey, And Inspection
lISO 799-3:2022 – Attachments and Associated Equipment
二 引水梯的要求：
Certification and Marking: 证书和标志的相关要求
1.A pilot ladder shall be certified by the manufacturer.
引水梯必须有制造商签发的证书
2.Vessel shall retain onboard an original certificate from the manufacturer.
船方必须拥有证书原件（建议扫描存档）
3.引水梯的铭牌必须清晰注明
* 证书编号
* 制造商
* 证书日期
* Maximum permissible age of pilot ladders 引水梯使用年限
30 months from the date of manufacture: 自制造出产之日起不超过30个月
三、安全扶手绳的要求:
Two man ropes of not less than 28 mm and not more than 32 mm in diameter properly secured to the ship if required by the pilot; man-ropes shall be fixed at the rope end to the ring plate fixed on deck and shall be ready for use. Only Grade one manila ropes are permitted. Vessel shall maintain a relevant certification for man ropes.
* 两根直径在28-32mm的扶手绳根据引航员要求系固在船上固定位置，并且每根扶手绳必须有证书
* Maximum permissible age of the man ropes 安全扶手绳的使用年限
12 months from the date of manufacture 自证书签发日期最多12个月
(not from the date of first use): 不能以首次使用日期算起
必须是直径28mm-32mm的马尼拉绳
四、安放标准和常见问题:
Securing of pilot ladder: 安放系牢引航梯
这里是安放引水梯具体要求
In light draft condition, the pilot ladder is secured at thimble end with shackles. However, due to the varying freeboard, it would not be possible to secure the pilot ladder at thimbles. Under such circumstances it must be secured at an intermediate length. This can be done in a safe way by ensuring that the weight of the ladder is transferred from ladder’s side ropes to the approved strong point on deck directly. Steps, spreaders, or chocks should not be used to carry the weight of the ladder as they are not designed for this and do not have sufficient strength. Moreover, they may damage the ladder and exert stress on the parts of the ladder which are not designed as end weight bearing component of the ladder. It is common industry practice to use a rope stopper usually in the form of a rolling hitch knot between the pilot ladder sides ropes and the approved strong point on the main deck. This will transfer the weight of the ladder arrangement directly onto the designated strong point and will not damage the ladder. It is suggested that two strong (at least 2 x 24 kN) manila ropes be used to secure the pilot ladder. Securing lines must be replaced at 12 months interval.
总结一下就是 由于引水梯踏板和防扭转长踏板不是设计用来承受所有重量的，以及位置受限等原因在安放过程中不能使用卸扣了，使用卸扣可能会破坏梯子，而是要根据实际情况用马尼拉绳子系固于船上牢固位置。（马尼拉绳的要求 至少 2 x 24 kN 并且12个月内必须更换)
这里有几个实际案例 供参考：
Example of correct securing of pilot ladder at intermittent Draft
Example of incorrect securing of pilot ladder at intermediate draft
All Pilot ladders, man ropes and associated equipment are to be used exclusively for marine transfers and to be marked as ‘For Marine Transfers only.’
所有引航梯 扶手绳以及相关设备必须专用，并且做好标记
Original certificates issued by the certifying authority for all the pilot ladders, man ropes, securing and lifting arrangements to be retained onboard
所有关于引航梯 扶手绳以及相关设备的证书原件必须在船存档（建议扫描存档 可以随时打印）
Frequently Asked Questions
常见问题
1. Can the pilot ladder be used after 30 months from the date it is received on board? 30个月后引航梯还能不能继续使用？
Yes, the pilot ladder can be used after 30 months from the date it is received on board if it passes a ladder and step attachment strength test as per ISO -799-1.
是的 可以使用 但是需要根据ISO -799-1要求进行测试 （一般船员没有资质 建议换新）
2. Who can conduct the ladder and step attachment strength test? 谁可以测试？
The ladder and step attachment strength test must be conducted by the manufacturer or at a facility approved by the manufacturer, the vessel’s Flag State or Classification Society.
制造商 船籍国 船级社 反正船员做不了
3. What is the validity of the ladder and step attachment strength test?测试的有效期？
The ladder and step attachment strength test must be conducted at intervals not exceeding 30 months. The pilot ladder will be considered unacceptable if the ladder and step attachment strength test is older than 30 months.
超过30个月就不允许使用了
4. Can vessel’s crew conduct repairs to the pilot ladder?
船员可以自己维修引航梯吗？
It is not permitted for crew to conduct repairs on pilot ladder, repairs must only be carried out by the manufacturer or at a manufacturer approved repair facility, or a facility approved by the flag state or a classification society.
船员不可以维修 坏了就换新
5. What is the replacement period for man ropes?扶手绳多久换新？
Man ropes must be replaced 12 months from the date of manufacture. Use of man ropes 12 months after the date of manufacture is not permitted.
自生产之日起12个月内必须换新
6.If the vessel carries out marine pilot transfer by helicopter, is a compliant pilot ladder still required? 如果用直升机接送引航员 引水梯还需要吗？
Yes, marine pilot transfers can be carried out by pilot boat or helicopter, as per operational requirements and the method of pilot boarding can change at short notice. Therefore, all vessels are required to comply with this Local Marine Notice.
是的 即使使用直升机接送引航员，引水梯还是需要符合要求.因为接送引航员的方式随时可能改变，所以引航梯必须准备就绪。
澳洲对引航梯的要求相对严格，国内也出现了多起船舶由于引航梯的不规范使用遭到的投诉。
特别提醒：卸完货一定要把引航梯附近和铝梯上的货物清扫干净，由于残货掉落砸到引航员被投诉的也屡见不鲜。
安全是一切美好愿望的前提，航行安全 任重而道远 愿大家航安。。。。。。
作者更多文章链接：
5 : 船舶靠泊期间，驾驶员的职责
