巴西SANTOS港行记
作者：范金水 船长
桑托斯港是巴西著名的港口，同时也是拉丁美洲最大的港口。位于巴西圣保罗州桑托斯市，我轮2024年3月底印度卸完煤炭后接航次指令赴巴西装载大豆回国且于2024年4月23日至5月1日挂靠该港，现将所了解的相关资料总结如下，可能不够全面，不当之处请指正。
一、备仓验舱
众所周知，桑托斯港煤改粮验舱是越来越严格了。也有不少船因为验舱不过请岸队来清扫造成了巨大经济损失。
1.未雨绸缪，提前布局
我轮自抵印度过新加坡前大租家即有意向下航次赴南美拉粮。在新加坡申请足量洗舱物料，避免巧妇难为无米之炊的境地。
物料如下：
1.长竹竿，铝合金杆
2.带杆海绵刷子(方形)
3.海绵头
4.两节伸缩梯，三节伸缩梯，脚手架
5.高压水枪
6.油漆，稀料及化学品
7.油漆泵
8.敲锈工具
9.防护眼镜及安全带
10.皮龙
另至印度卸货港途中，站在煤堆上对舱口围/上斜坡用高压水枪进行清洗，时间充裕的话，还可对舱口围/通风窗进行除锈保养（通风必须良好，防止舱内可燃气体爆炸）。
2. 备舱计划制定合理
第一轮：冲洗货舱，清理货物残留。1舱/天，共计7天。该轮次工作首先把4舱清理完毕，以备海况恶劣时4舱压载；甲板下横梁，肋骨后，直梯澳梯的缝隙及舱内管系附近，这些位置容易有货物残留；
第二轮：擦拭货舱，同时用高压水枪冲洗。1舱/天，共计7天。工作重点是舱内管系背面，肋骨背面等难以被高压水冲刷到的部位之清洁工作；
第三轮：淡水冲舱，货船除锈，并对难以擦掉/高压水枪难以清除的煤黑进行局部喷涂油漆。淡水冲舱用1天，其他工作1舱/天，共计8天。作重点澳梯/直梯锈蚀较为严重，且因装煤时的煤炭冲击，对澳梯/直梯变形和断裂处较多，除锈同时，需机舱协助进行修理；
第四轮：各舱细节处理。如补漆/清洁污水井/淡水冲洗舱盖背面/自查/再清洁/晾晒等等。1舱/天，共计7天。工作重点是自查，发现不足，及时整改。
3.验舱：
我轮2024年4月23日1700LT抵港锚泊于4号锚地，其中3号锚地不允许船舶晚上锚泊。锚地水深约20-28米底质泥沙为主，但是涌较大，即使锚泊横摇也是较剧烈，所以打开的舱盖一定要固定好。
接代理指令24日船舶移至3号锚地锚泊，刚抛好锚，两名验舱人员上船，我们马上开舱，携带提前准备好的工具（塑料扫、桶、绳子、梯子、抹布、刮刀、手套、水），陪同验舱人员下舱检查。
SURVEYOR比较友善，查看货舱整体状况，并用白手套反复擦拭舱壁并攀高检查了货舱肋骨（尤其是肋骨背面）等处，手套上有轻微黄色，表示可以接收，没有问题，对货舱表示满意并拍照。连续7个舱检查完后，给船上签署了验舱通过证书。
代理指示移到验舱锚地邮件如下：
Considering Vessel’s eta on April 23RD at 22:00hlt pls be informed that we’ll schedule the holds inspection to be performed at anchorage on April 24TH at 08:00hlt.Inspection to be performed only during day light.
We kindly ask you to bring vessel to Anchorage nr.3, as close as possible from anchorage nr.2
Please contact pilot station in advance and inform them that you are proceeding to anchorage nr.3 for inspection only; and send us a message as soon as you drop anchor at anchorage nr.3 enabling us to inform cargo surveyors accordingly.
Please make sure that you don’t drop anchor at anchorage 2.
For your guidance, at anchorage 2 is also allowed to perform holds inspection but according to port rules you can only stay at anchorage no. 2 for maximum 3 hours and only during day light; If you exceed this limit of time then vessel will be fined by Harbour Master; and we’ll be forced to send this cost to the Owners.
Also please keep the combination ladder duly prepared at both sides, one meter above water enabling Surveyors to choose the better side for safely boarding and consequently avoiding unnecessary delays/accidents.
Below are the coordinates for your guidance:
ANCHORAGE Nr 2 – Destinated for Health Inspection (when needed) maximum of 3 hours stay; Area between the following geographic coordinates:
a) Lat. 24º 00' 45" S - Long. 46º 20' 10" W.
b) Lat. 24º 00' 45" S - Long. 46º 19' 42" W.
c) Lat. 24º 01' 30" S - Long. 46º 20' 30" W.
d) Lat. 24º 01' 30" S - Long. 46º 19' 42" W.
ANCHORAGE Nr 3 - Destined for hold’s inspection, and for ships with defined berthing schedule within the next 24 hours; Area between the following geographic coordinates:
a) Lat. 24º 03' 00" S - Long. 46º 20' 48" W.
b) Lat. 24º 06' 00" S - Long. 46º 22' 09" W.
c) Lat. 24º 06' 00" S - Long. 46º 18' 36" W.
d) Lat. 24º 05' 18" S - Long. 46º 18' 36" W.
ANCHORAGE Nr 4 - Destined to ships scheduled to berth at the Port of Santos but without definition of day and time.
Area between the following geographic coordinates:
a) Lat. 24º 06' 00" S - Long. 46º 22' 06" W.
b) Lat. 24º 06' 00" S - Long. 46º 18' 36" W.
c) Lat. 24º 05' 18" S - Long. 46º 18' 36" W.
d) Lat. 24º 05' 18" S - Long. 46º 15' 00" W.
e) Lat. 24º 10' 00" S - Long. 46º 15' 00" W.
f) Lat. 24º 10' 00" S - Long. 46º 19' 24" W.
Following the chart where you might drop anchor.
二、巴西船位报告系统（SISTRAM）
该系统要求所有进入巴西搜救区域的船舶，必须按照规定格式向巴西海军海上交通控制指挥中心（COMCOMTRAM）报告。
具体报告区域范围、报告种类、电文格式和内容等请参阅最新无线电信号表。
三、关于SID问题
抵港前代理如下邮件关于SID罚款问题，咱们国人基本上都没有SID，咨询公司后将葡语版的中巴贸易协定发代理也就认可了，也不再罚款。
2.1) SID (Seafarer Identity Document)
Please note that as from May 01st/2023 all crew who belongs to those countries signatory of the ILO 185 will be required to hold SID (Seafarer Identity Document) card to enter the country. Seaman's book will no longer be accepted.
In the absence of the SID, then the passport will be required with valid Visa (check below link list of countries that need or not Visa).
Kindly send us a copy of all crew’s SID in only 1 PDF file with no more that 5MG, in the same order as they appear in the crew list, pls make sure to send only 1 file, since Immigration System do not accept several files.
See below link for your reference:
A list of the countries signatory of ILO 185 can be found on below link:
https://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=1000:11301:::NO:RP,11301:P11301_INSTRUMENT_AMENDMENT_ID,P11301_INSTRUMENT_ID:3337150,312330
A list of the countries whose may need or not VISA when travelling to Brazil:
https://www.gov.br/mre/pt-br/assuntos/portal-consular/QGRVsimplesing24MAR231.pdf
**IMPORTANT** Note that fines may be applied due to lack of valid documents even if the crew won't disembark from the vessel. Fines will be on vessel/owner’s account, and we as Agents and representing our Principals won’t be responsible for that and reserve our rights.
Fine will be around 1.000 reais per crew. For those vessel’s Owners that are recidivist, the fine can be in double.
For countries that are not included in the ILO 185, the analysis continues to be carried out by the Immigration Department through the General Framework of Visa Regime and if the crew arrives without work visas, the fines will continue to be applied, always analyzing the nationality of the crew.
四、泊位情况
在内锚地验舱通过后可能接着就靠泊节奏比较快，所以要提前备好缆绳。也有可能验完舱后接着移到外锚地继续抛锚。我轮是前种情况验舱过后立即上引水靠泊。
进出港航道较曲折，且有很多轮渡、单人皮划艇等穿梭水面交通状况非常复杂，所以靠离泊前务必要认真检查测试各设备，安排业务精良的水手操舵，驾驶台团队密切配合；引水整体素质较高。泊位信息如下，该泊位长度不够而且装载机角度受限，所以在装1/7舱时要移泊。
五、卫检及一些特殊规定
巴西卫检比较严格，特别注意以下事项：各处垃圾桶脚踏一定要状况良好；无过期腐败食品无虫子，库房食品标注有效期；垃圾注意分类；厨房配餐间注意卫生状况；各洗手池处张贴洗手步骤图贴；厨房配备防切手铁手套，该手套最好在国内购买较便宜，巴西买的话需要几百美刀。压载水只要处理系统正常使用工作则不需要更换；上伙食的话需要通知代理用的哪家供应商，代理会协助办手续，伙食质量还可以；另巴西国旗需要悬挂双面的，海关旗要24小时悬挂，检疫旗在收到代理vessel’s free pratique 邮件后可降下。船头球鼻首处/船尾各需要挂一盏红灯照亮。海关此次未登轮检查，所有手续都是代理一人办理。另此次我轮赶上巴西五一，有额外的升旗要求。需要首尾大桅最高处各升一面小的巴西国旗，我轮有3号国旗问代理说也可以。具体要求如下：
六、加油
该港加油的话比较有特点：具体表现为加油船不派人和船方一起取油样；加油方是不允许船方将油样封条号码写入BDN;加油船提供的油样都是其单方提供的，未经船方共同见证。另加油数量还是足量的，一般不少给。针对此情况为了保护船东利益，我轮递交了如下内容的LOP:
Letter of Protest
To: XXX
To: Who it may concern
Vessel : XXX
Voyage No. : Vxxx
Port : Santos, brazil
Dear Sirs,
Pleas kindly note, I, Master of M/V “XXX”, hereby lodge a letter of protest declare the facts as hereunder:
1.You did not agree to get credible LSFO samples together with my engineers which were taken from my ship’s bunker sample point during bunkering and also not allowed to write our seal NO. of LSFO samples into BDN.
Seal NO. of ship’s LSFO samples （ which were taken from my ship’s bunker sample point during bunkering ）:
FOBAS:XXX
2.The Seal NO. (XXX) of LSFO samples in BDN referred samples were provided by bunker barge unilaterally, not taken under the supervision of our engineers.
Taking into consideration above circumstance, thus, I, Master of M/V “XXX” lodge this protest, vessel and owners are not responsible for any damage, loss, time loss, claim and reserving my right to extend it at any time and place accordingly.
Yours faithfully
Capt. xxx
Master of MV “XXX”
Date: xxx
七、货物情况
本港装货方要求船方每天签一份大副收据（过去24小时的装货量），完货后再签发一份总的大副收据，每天签的收据在总的大副收据签妥后既现场销毁。另岸数装货量受海关监管，所以最终货量以岸数为准，问询过几条船都不短货。另巴西大豆经常因发货人或租家提供的积载因数不准而导致舱满了还没有装到宣载量，这种情况下我们就需要签发如下的亏舱声明：
LETTER OF PROTEST FOR DEAD FEIGHT
M.V. XXX
VOY: XXX
CARGO: SOYBEANS IN BULK
PORT: SANTOS , BRAZIL
DATE:
TO: ALL PARTIES CONCERNED
Please be advised that there is a short loading soybeans in Bulk at santos, the statement as following:
The Cargo declaration was XXXmts but the actual loaded is XXXmts. All holds are full and could not be loaded additional cargo . The above fact is due to shipper provide the inaccurate SF(XX).
Cargo declaration at santos xxx mts, actual loaded: xxx mts
TTL cargo Loaded at santos determined by Draft Survey: xxxmts
The ttl short cargo loaded: xxxmts
IN VIEW OF THE FOREGOING, SHIPPERS AND/OR CHRRS WILL BE HELD FULLY RESPONSIBLE FOR SHORT LOADING AT SANTOS AND OWNERS WOULD HEREBY RESERVE THEIR RIGHT TO CLAIM AGAINST THE DEAD FREIGHT IN THE FUTURE INCURRED IN THE ABOVE MENTIONED PORT.
Yours faithfully
Capt. xxx
Master of MV “XXX”
Date: xxx
船长：范金水
2024.05.04
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